What is Lymphedema?
Lymphedema is a condition characterized by
excessive swelling of the tissues
with protein-rich lymphatic fluid.
It commonly develops in the arms or legs,
but can occur anywhere in the body.
Is all Lymphedema the same?
Primary Lymphedema
caused by abnormal development of the lymphatic vessels.
​
Secondary Lymphedema
caused by damage to the lymphatic system, usually from cancer treatments involving surgery and/or radiation.
The Lymphatic System
​
The lymphatic system is part of your body's immune system.
It moves lymph, a clear fluid that cleanses the body's tissues.
Proteins found in lymph fluid are not the same proteins that we ingest through food.
A build up of protein rich fluid can cause pitting that is sometimes seen with excessive swelling of a limb.
Lymph nodes are the body's internal filters that trap bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, and other damaged cells.
Once the lymph fluid has been cleansed of its impurities, it's sent to the heart to be recirculated through the body.
Prevention & Risk-Reduction
​
The non-modifiable factors predisposing an individual to lymphedema could be congenital or treatment-related (eg. radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or surgery).
​
There are, however, several factors that an individual can control:
Obesity can play a major role in developing or worsening lymphedema.
Injury to an affected area can trigger or aggravate the lymph system. A cut, scratch, or puncture
should be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a topical antibiotic and protected by a bandage.
Insect Bites introduce toxins into your system. If the bite welts abnormally, you may need an antihistamine to counter the reaction & reduce swelling.
Strenuous Activity resulting in muscle strain should be avoided. Activites could include housework, yard work, & sports.
Constriction of the extremity should be avoided, so no blood pressure cuffs or tight clothing/jewelry.
​
Exercise
​
Exercise is recommended, but how you exercise is important. Care should be taken not to strain the muscles, so a very conservative increase in resistance is strongly recommended. It's safe to participate in Yoga, Pilates, Dragon Boating, Strength Training, and Aerobic Activity as long as precautions are followed.​
Stick to the 7 Basic Rules of Exercise:
1. Begin your workout with deep breathing exercises
2. Start moving with simple, basic exercises. Gradually progress to more challenging exercises
3. Perform all exercises at moderate-to-slow speed.
4. Start with low weight (2-3 lbs.) and build up to 5-8lbs or more according to your strength
5. Start with smaller sets and fewer repetitions (1x10 reps), building up to 3x15 reps.
6. Perform all stretches slowly, holding for at least 30 seconds in each stretch
7. End your workout with deep breathing exercises
Treating Lymphedema
Proper treatment of lymphedema is important to decrease the risk of infection, improve function, decrease discomfort and pain, and improve the overall appearance of the affected area.
Treatment may include:
-
Manual lymph drainage
-
Compression bandages
-
Skin care
-
Exercise
-
Diaphragmatic breathing
-
Compression garments
-
Intermittent pneumatic compression device